The INDEx Survey was undertaken in autumn 2019 to explore the digital experiences of students and staff who teach in Irish higher education. Data was collected from 25,484 students and 4,445 staff who teach at 32 higher education institutions.
This OER presents findings from a comparative study of novice programmers engaging in face-to-face and hybrid pair programming. It explores collaboration patterns, role switching, satisfaction, and challenges, offering evidence-based insights for educators seeking to prepare students for effective teamwork in modern hybrid software development.





